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Questions and explanations

Read learning questions with their answers, explanations and sources.

Which king is associated with founding the Estudo Geral in Lisbon in 1290?

  1. AD. DinisCorrect answer
  2. BD. Afonso Henriques
  3. CD. João I
  4. DD. Manuel I

Explanation

Dinis promoted the foundation of the Estudo Geral in Lisbon in 1290. The institution now known as the University of Coimbra therefore began in Lisbon.

Sources and citations

  1. D. Dinis — Assembleia da República

    Assembleia da RepúblicaDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Biography — Treaty of Alcanizes 1297 and Estudo Geral 1290

    Official fact

In which year did Dinis sign the Treaty of Alcanizes with Castile?

  1. A1640
  2. B1297Correct answer
  3. C1143
  4. D1385

Explanation

The treaty was signed in 1297 and helped stabilise the kingdom’s borders. The source refers to some borders; this does not settle every later territorial question.

Sources and citations

  1. D. Dinis — Assembleia da República

    Assembleia da RepúblicaDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Biography — Treaty of Alcanizes 1297 and Estudo Geral 1290

    Official fact

Which king commissioned Batalha Monastery to fulfil a vow linked to the victory at Aljubarrota?

  1. AD. João IV
  2. BD. Pedro IV
  3. CD. João ICorrect answer
  4. DD. Dinis

Explanation

João I linked the building of Santa Maria da Vitória to the victory of 1385. The monument connects a military event with its historical memory.

Sources and citations

  1. Batalha

    Other sourceDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Sobre — João I and Santa Maria da Vitória monastery

    Official fact

In which year did the constituent Cortes elected after the 1820 Liberal Revolution begin their work?

  1. A1820
  2. B1826
  3. C1911
  4. D1821Correct answer

Explanation

Work began on 24 January 1821. The revolution took place in 1820 and the first Constitution was approved in 1822: three successive stages.

Sources and citations

  1. Revolução Liberal

    Assembleia da RepúblicaDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Opening chronology — constituent Cortes 1821 and Constitution 1822

    Official fact

In which year was Portugal’s first Constitution approved?

  1. A1822Correct answer
  2. B1826
  3. C1911
  4. D1976

Explanation

The first Constitution was approved on 23 September 1822 under the monarchy. Today’s republican Constitution dates from 1976.

Sources and citations

  1. Revolução Liberal

    Assembleia da RepúblicaDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Opening chronology — constituent Cortes 1821 and Constitution 1822

    Official fact

Who granted the Constitutional Charter of 1826?

  1. AManuel de Arriaga
  2. BD. Pedro IVCorrect answer
  3. CD. Miguel
  4. DD. João I

Explanation

Pedro IV granted the Constitutional Charter in 1826. It differs from the 1822 Constitution approved by the constituent Cortes.

Sources and citations

  1. Monarquia Constitucional — Assembleia da República

    Assembleia da RepúblicaDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Cortes Gerais na Carta Constitucional de 1826; Cortes Constituintes de 1837–1838

    Official fact

Which new constitutional text did Maria II swear to at the end of the constituent proceedings following the September Revolution?

  1. AThe Constitutional Charter of 1826
  2. BThe Additional Act of 1852
  3. CThe Constitution of 1838Correct answer
  4. DThe Constitution of 1822

Explanation

Maria II swore to the Constitution on 4 April 1838. It was Portugal’s third constitutional text, following the 1822 Constitution and 1826 Charter.

Sources and citations

  1. Monarquia Constitucional — Assembleia da República

    Assembleia da RepúblicaDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Cortes Gerais na Carta Constitucional de 1826; Cortes Constituintes de 1837–1838

    Official fact

Who was the first President of the Portuguese Republic, elected in 1911?

  1. ABernardino Machado
  2. BAntónio José de Almeida
  3. CSidónio Pais
  4. DManuel de ArriagaCorrect answer

Explanation

The Constituent National Assembly elected Manuel de Arriaga in 1911 after approving the Constitution. The Republic had been proclaimed earlier, in 1910.

Sources and citations

  1. 1.ª República

    Assembleia da RepúblicaDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Opening chronology; Assembleia Nacional Constituinte de 1911; footnote 1

    Official fact

In which year was the first Constitution of the Portuguese Republic approved?

  1. A1911Correct answer
  2. B1822
  3. C1933
  4. D1976

Explanation

The first republican Constitution was approved on 21 August 1911. Portugal’s first Constitution, still under the monarchy, dated from 1822.

Sources and citations

  1. 1.ª República

    Assembleia da RepúblicaDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Opening chronology; Assembleia Nacional Constituinte de 1911; footnote 1

    Official fact

Which doctor voted in 1911 as a widow and head of household after obtaining a favourable court ruling?

  1. AMaria Lamas
  2. BCarolina Beatriz ÂngeloCorrect answer
  3. CMaria II
  4. DAdelaide Cabete

Explanation

Carolina Beatriz Ângelo secured the right to vote in this particular case. This does not mean all women had voting rights at that time.

Sources and citations

  1. 1.ª República

    Assembleia da RepúblicaDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Opening chronology; Assembleia Nacional Constituinte de 1911; footnote 1

    Official fact

Which event ended the First Republic in 1926?

  1. AThe signing of the Treaty of Zamora
  2. BThe introduction of euro cash
  3. CThe military coup of 28 MayCorrect answer
  4. DThe 25 April Revolution

Explanation

The coup of 28 May 1926 dissolved Parliament and established a military dictatorship. Estado Novo’s constitutional framework followed in 1933.

Sources and citations

  1. 1.ª República

    Assembleia da RepúblicaDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Opening chronology; Assembleia Nacional Constituinte de 1911; footnote 1

    Official fact

  2. Dias da ditadura — Assembleia da República

    Assembleia da RepúblicaDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Opening paragraphs — 1926 coup and 1933 Constitution

    Official fact

Which year is associated with the Constitution that framed Estado Novo?

  1. A1911
  2. B1926
  3. C1976
  4. D1933Correct answer

Explanation

The 1933 Constitution framed Estado Novo. It was submitted to a plebiscite under dictatorial conditions, including counting abstentions as votes in favour.

Sources and citations

  1. Dias da ditadura — Assembleia da República

    Assembleia da RepúblicaDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Opening paragraphs — 1926 coup and 1933 Constitution

    Official fact