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Read learning questions with their answers, explanations and sources.

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Which guarantee protects job security under Article 53?

  1. AEqual pay for equal work
  2. BFreedom to join trade unions
  3. CBan on dismissal for political or ideological reasonsCorrect answer
  4. DRight to periodic paid holidays

Explanation

Job security includes a ban on dismissal without just cause or for political or ideological reasons.

Sources and citations

  1. Constituição da República Portuguesa

    Assembleia da RepúblicaDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Artigo 53.º

    Official fact

What relationship must trade unions have with employers and the State?

  1. AIndependenceCorrect answer
  2. BSubordination to employers
  3. CSubordination to the Government
  4. DJoint direction by employers and Government

Explanation

Article 55 recognizes trade union freedom and independence from employers, the State and other listed entities.

Sources and citations

  1. Constituição da República Portuguesa

    Assembleia da RepúblicaDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Artigo 55.º, n.os 1–4

    Official fact

Does the right to strike remove legally defined minimum services?

  1. AYes, any minimum service violates that right
  2. BYes, if the strike is in the public sector
  3. CYes, when the strike lasts more than a day
  4. DNo, minimum services may address unavoidable social needsCorrect answer

Explanation

Article 57 guarantees strikes and provides legal conditions for safety and minimum services essential to unavoidable social needs.

Sources and citations

  1. Constituição da República Portuguesa

    Assembleia da RepúblicaDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Artigo 57.º, n.os 1–4

    Official fact

Which pay principle appears in Article 59?

  1. APay for equal work based on citizenship
  2. BEqual pay for equal workCorrect answer
  3. CPay for equal work based on religion
  4. DPay for equal work based on territorial origin

Explanation

Article 59 recognizes rights for all workers without discrimination, including equal pay for equal work.

Sources and citations

  1. Constituição da República Portuguesa

    Assembleia da RepúblicaDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Artigo 59.º, n.º 1, alíneas a), c), d)

    Official fact

Which set describes consumer rights?

  1. AInformation without protection of economic interests
  2. BInformation, safety and compensation for harmCorrect answer
  3. CSafety without a right to information
  4. DCompensation without health protection

Explanation

Article 60 includes information, quality, health, safety, economic interests and compensation for harm.

Sources and citations

  1. Constituição da República Portuguesa

    Assembleia da RepúblicaDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Artigo 60.º, n.os 1–3

    Official fact

What does Article 62 require for expropriation in the public interest?

  1. AAn administrative decision and optional compensation
  2. BPrivate interest and symbolic compensation
  3. CA municipal request and no compensation
  4. DA legal basis and fair compensationCorrect answer

Explanation

Private property is guaranteed, but public-interest expropriation is possible with a legal basis and fair compensation.

Sources and citations

  1. Constituição da República Portuguesa

    Assembleia da RepúblicaDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Artigo 62.º, n.os 1–2

    Official fact

Which situation is expressly mentioned in Article 63 on social security?

  1. AUnemploymentCorrect answer
  2. BCompany bankruptcy
  3. CFalling share values
  4. DRising public debt

Explanation

Article 63 includes unemployment, illness and old age, among other risks. Specific benefits and their requirements depend on legislation.

Sources and citations

  1. Constituição da República Portuguesa

    Assembleia da RepúblicaDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Artigo 63.º, n.os 1–3

    Official fact

How does the Constitution describe the National Health Service?

  1. AUniversal and free for all services without conditions
  2. BReserved for people with employment contracts
  3. CUniversal, general and tending to be free, considering economic and social circumstancesCorrect answer
  4. DGeneral but limited to emergency care

Explanation

Article 64 uses qualified wording; it does not say that all care is unconditionally free.

Sources and citations

  1. Constituição da República Portuguesa

    Assembleia da RepúblicaDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Artigo 64.º, n.os 1–3

    Official fact

Which participation does Article 65 protect regarding urban planning?

  1. AOnly owners in judicial approval of plans
  2. BOnly builders in implementing plans
  3. COnly parties in evaluating plans
  4. DParticipation of interested people in drafting planning instrumentsCorrect answer

Explanation

The housing right is accompanied by guaranteed participation of interested people in drafting territorial planning instruments.

Sources and citations

  1. Constituição da República Portuguesa

    Assembleia da RepúblicaDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Artigo 65.º, n.os 1–3, 5

    Official fact

How does Article 66 connect the environment and duties?

  1. AEnvironmental protection is only a State duty
  2. BThe duty to defend it belongs only to owners
  3. CEveryone has a right to a healthy environment and a duty to defend itCorrect answer
  4. DEnvironmental rights depend on joining an association

Explanation

Article 66 links the right to an ecologically balanced environment to everyone’s duty to defend it.

Sources and citations

  1. Constituição da República Portuguesa

    Assembleia da RepúblicaDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Artigo 66.º, n.os 1–2

    Official fact

Which level does Article 74 require to be universal, compulsory and free?

  1. AOnly higher education
  2. BBasic educationCorrect answer
  3. COnly adult vocational training
  4. DOnly preschool education

Explanation

The express wording applies to basic education. Progressive free provision at other levels does not prove every course is currently free.

Sources and citations

  1. Constituição da República Portuguesa

    Assembleia da RepúblicaDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Artigo 74.º, n.os 1–2

    Official fact