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Read learning questions with their answers, explanations and sources.

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In a line of three equal-height masts under the general rule, outside an international institution or meeting, which mast carries the national flag?

  1. AAlways the observer’s left mast
  2. BAlways the observer’s right mast
  3. CAny mast, without a rule
  4. DThe central mastCorrect answer

Explanation

Article 8(1)(b) assigns the centre when there are three masts. The question specifies equal heights and excludes international situations, which may follow their own protocol.

Sources and citations

  1. Decreto-Lei n.º 150/87, de 30 de março — uso da Bandeira Nacional

    Diário da RepúblicaDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Artigo 7.º, n.º 1; Artigo 8.º, n.º 1, alíneas b) e d); Artigo 8.º, n.º 2

    Official fact

What fraction of the Portuguese flag’s length is green?

  1. A3/5
  2. B1/4
  3. C2/5Correct answer
  4. D1/2

Explanation

Green occupies two fifths of the length and red the remaining three fifths. The two fields are unequal.

Sources and citations

  1. Bandeira Nacional — Arquivo da Presidência de Jorge Sampaio

    Other sourceDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Description of colour division, central arms and proportions

    Official fact

What is the Portuguese flag’s height-to-length ratio?

  1. A1:1
  2. B1:3
  3. C3:2
  4. D2:3Correct answer

Explanation

Length is one and a half times height: height 2, length 3. The order of measurements matters when reading the ratio.

Sources and citations

  1. Bandeira Nacional — Arquivo da Presidência de Jorge Sampaio

    Other sourceDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Description of colour division, central arms and proportions

    Official fact

Where are the shield and armillary sphere placed on the flag?

  1. AOver the boundary between green and redCorrect answer
  2. BIn the upper corner by the pole
  3. CAt the far edge of the red field
  4. DOnly in the centre of the green field

Explanation

The emblem sits over the line separating the colours. Because the fields are unequal, that line is not halfway along the flag.

Sources and citations

  1. Bandeira Nacional — Arquivo da Presidência de Jorge Sampaio

    Other sourceDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Description of colour division, central arms and proportions

    Official fact

How many white dots, called bezants, are inside each blue escutcheon on the flag?

  1. A6
  2. B5Correct answer
  3. C7
  4. D4

Explanation

Each of the five blue escutcheons contains five white bezants. Count the dots inside one escutcheon, not the castles on the border.

Sources and citations

  1. Bandeira Nacional

    Other sourceDocument version:

    Source verified:

    A nova Bandeira Nacional; Origem; O que significa

    Official fact

On which part of the national shield do the seven castles appear?

  1. AOn the armillary sphere
  2. BIn the green field outside the shield
  3. COn the red borderCorrect answer
  4. DInside each blue escutcheon

Explanation

The castles sit on the red border around the shield’s white centre. They are distinct from the blue escutcheons.

Sources and citations

  1. Bandeira Nacional — Arquivo da Presidência de Jorge Sampaio

    Other sourceDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Description of colour division, central arms and proportions

    Official fact

Which monarchy flag background colours were replaced by republican green and red?

  1. AYellow and black
  2. BGreen and yellow
  3. CRed and black
  4. DBlue and whiteCorrect answer

Explanation

The monarchy’s blue and white gave way to green and red after the regime changed. Some traditional heraldic elements remained.

Sources and citations

  1. Bandeira Nacional

    Other sourceDocument version:

    Source verified:

    A nova Bandeira Nacional; Origem; O que significa

    Official fact

When did the Provisional Government approve the final green-and-red flag design?

  1. A29 November 1910Correct answer
  2. B19 June 1911
  3. C5 October 1910
  4. D1 December 1910

Explanation

The Provisional Government approved the design on 29 November 1910. The Constituent National Assembly ratified it on 19 June 1911: these were two stages.

Sources and citations

  1. Bandeira Nacional

    Other sourceDocument version:

    Source verified:

    A nova Bandeira Nacional; Origem; O que significa

    Official fact

What historical status does the Presidency Museum give the account linking the escutcheons to Ourique?

  1. AA recent discovery based on archaeological remains
  2. BA traditional legendCorrect answer
  3. CA written testimony by a participant in the battle
  4. DA contemporary account confirmed by documents from the period

Explanation

The source calls it the Legend of Ourique and dates its formulation to the fifteenth century. A traditional symbolic interpretation does not prove the supernatural episode occurred.

Sources and citations

  1. Bandeira Nacional

    Other sourceDocument version:

    Source verified:

    A nova Bandeira Nacional; Origem; O que significa

    Official fact

In which year was the march A Portuguesa composed, before becoming the national anthem?

  1. A1974
  2. B1640
  3. C1890Correct answer
  4. D1911

Explanation

A Portuguesa was composed in 1890 and adopted as the anthem in 1911. Creation and official adoption are different events.

Sources and citations

  1. Hino Nacional

    Other sourceDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Opening paragraph; Origem; Consagração do Hino

    Official fact

Which event in 1890 prompted A Portuguesa?

  1. AEEC accession
  2. BThe Lisbon earthquake
  3. CThe Restoration of 1640
  4. DThe British UltimatumCorrect answer

Explanation

The march began as a patriotic response to the British Ultimatum of 1890. This predates the Republic and adoption of the anthem.

Sources and citations

  1. Hino Nacional

    Other sourceDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Opening paragraph; Origem; Consagração do Hino

    Official fact

Which anthem did A Portuguesa replace after the Republic was established?

  1. AHino da CartaCorrect answer
  2. BLa Marseillaise
  3. COde to Joy
  4. DGod Save the King

Explanation

A Portuguesa replaced Hino da Carta, associated with the constitutional monarchy. The change accompanied the new regime’s redefinition of national symbols.

Sources and citations

  1. Hino Nacional

    Other sourceDocument version:

    Source verified:

    Opening paragraph; Origem; Consagração do Hino

    Official fact